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全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)也(ye)分(fen)兩種(zhong)形(xing)式：一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)時(shi)全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，即(ji)全(quan)部時(shi)間都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)；另一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)短時(shi)全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，它可以(yi)(yi)切斷某個橋的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力，以(yi)(yi)減(jian)少(shao)燃(ran)料消耗和磨損，只在(zai)需(xu)要時(shi)再使(shi)用全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。過去(qu)只有(you)越野車采用4輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)越野車，變(bian)速(su)器后(hou)面(mian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分(fen)離(li)器，前(qian)(qian)后(hou)車軸各(ge)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)一(yi)個稱為驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋的(de)(de)(de)部件。變(bian)速(su)器輸出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)扭(niu)矩(ju)(ju)通(tong)過分(fen)力器和傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸，分(fen)別傳(chuan)遞(di)(di)到(dao)前(qian)(qian)后(hou)車軸上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋，再通(tong)過驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋將扭(niu)矩(ju)(ju)傳(chuan)遞(di)(di)到(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)子(zi)上(shang)。現(xian)在(zai)轎(jiao)車的(de)(de)(de)馬力都(dou)比(bi)較大(da)，加(jia)速(su)時(shi)后(hou)移，全(quan)車重量就會向后(hou)軸移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，造成前(qian)(qian)軸輕飄(piao)。前(qian)(qian)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)轎(jiao)車即(ji)使(shi)在(zai)良好的(de)(de)(de)路面(mian)上(shang)也(ye)會打滑(hua)，4輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)就可以(yi)(yi)防止(zhi)這種(zhong)現(xian)象發生。轎(jiao)車上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)4輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置是(shi)(shi)(shi)常嚙合(he)式，增加(jia)了(le)(le)粘性耦(ou)合(he)器，省去(qu)了(le)(le)手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分(fen)力器，自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)將扭(niu)矩(ju)(ju)按需(xu)分(fen)配在(zai)前(qian)(qian)后(hou)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)子(zi)上(shang)。在(zai)正常路面(mian)上(shang)，4輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置將引擎(qing)輸出(chu)扭(niu)矩(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)92%分(fen)配到(dao)前(qian)(qian)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)，8%分(fen)配到(dao)后(hou)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)；在(zai)滑(hua)溜的(de)(de)(de)路面(mian)上(shang)，將至(zhi)少(shao)40%的(de)(de)(de)引擎(qing)機輸出(chu)扭(niu)矩(ju)(ju)分(fen)配給后(hou)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)；當前(qian)(qian)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)開始打滑(hua)時(shi)，前(qian)(qian)、后(hou)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)轉速(su)差異會使(shi)耦(ou)合(he)器中的(de)(de)(de)粘液立即(ji)變(bian)稠并鎖住耦(ou)合(he)器，從(cong)而使(shi)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸只將扭(niu)矩(ju)(ju)傳(chuan)遞(di)(di)至(zhi)后(hou)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)，待前(qian)(qian)、后(hou)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)轉速(su)差異消失就自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復(fu)原有(you)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)式。

減(jian)輕整(zheng)車(che)的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)是前輪(lun)驅動的(de)另一個優點。減(jian)輕車(che)重(zhong)可以提高加速性，制動性和(he)燃油經濟性。由(you)于(yu)前輪(lun)驅動的(de)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)的(de)驅動輪(lun)承受著發動機和(he)驅動橋的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)，可以增加驅動輪(lun)的(de)附(fu)著力(li)，這對于(yu)在濕滑路(lu)面上行駛的(de)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)將會有很大的(de)幫助。

前輪驅(qu)動的(de)的(de)優(you)點還(huan)在于可以擁(yong)有(you)大的(de)室(shi)內空(kong)(kong)間，駕駛室(shi)內不會(hui)因為(wei)有(you)驅(qu)動軸通過(guo)而有(you)一個大的(de)凸起。看(kan)看(kan)本田(tian)思域(Civic)，你(ni)就會(hui)發現(xian)這種小車(che)也(ye)可以擁(yong)有(you)許多轎車(che)無法比(bi)擬的(de)后座空(kong)(kong)間，原因就是有(you)了一個平整的(de)底板，同(tong)時(shi)，沒有(you)了后差速器(qi)，行(xing)李箱的(de)空(kong)(kong)間也(ye)會(hui)得到增大。

維修費用(yong)低也(ye)是后輪(lun)驅動(dong)的一個優點(dian)，盡管由于構造(zao)和車型的不同，這種費用(yong)將會有(you)很大(da)的差別。但是如果你的變速器(qi)(qi)出了(le)故(gu)障，對于后輪(lun)驅動(dong)的汽(qi)車就(jiu)不需要(yao)對差速器(qi)(qi)進(jin)行維修，但是對于前(qian)輪(lun)驅動(dong)的汽(qi)車來說也(ye)許就(jiu)有(you)這個必要(yao)了(le)，因為這兩個部件是做在一起的。不過經(jing)過幾十年的發(fa)展，前(qian)輪(lun)驅動(dong)汽(qi)車的可靠性也(ye)已(yi)有(you)了(le)很大(da)的發(fa)展，維修費用(yong)的高也(ye)許已(yi)經(jing)并不是一個大(da)的問題了(le)。

后輪驅動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)缺點(dian)也是(shi)顯(xian)而易見的(de)(de)(de)，比如(ru)相對(dui)高的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)配和(he)制造成(cheng)本，更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)故障(zhang)，相對(dui)狹小的(de)(de)(de)室內空(kong)間(jian)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。現(xian)在(zai)，更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)汽車都(dou)是(shi)使用的(de)(de)(de)獨立后懸掛系統(tong)，這樣設(she)計師在(zai)設(she)計時就可(ke)以將車體與(yu)差速器和(he)傳(chuan)動(dong)軸(zhou)靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)更近，從而可(ke)以增(zeng)大室內空(kong)間(jian)。