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內蒙古建筑工程機械,中特工程(優質商家),建筑工程機械公司：

轎車(che)采用(yong)電控AWD系統與傳統兩輪驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)系統相比有(you)如(ru)下特(te)(te)點：①由(you)于(yu)現(xian)代轎車(che)車(che)速(su)越來越高，特(te)(te)別在高速(su)公路上行駛(shi)(shi)時由(you)于(yu)風阻加(jia)大。為限度地傳遞驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)力，采用(yong)AWD系統可(ke)充(chong)分(fen)利用(yong)車(che)重來提高驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)力。提高汽車(che)在各(ge)種路面上行駛(shi)(shi)的動(dong)力性。

②傳(chuan)統前輪(lun)驅動轎(jiao)(jiao)車(che)(che)，在加(jia)速(su)轉彎時會出(chu)現轉向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)不足(zu)現象(xiang)，傳(chuan)統后(hou)輪(lun)驅動轎(jiao)(jiao)車(che)(che)。在加(jia)速(su)轉彎時會出(chu)現轉向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)過度的(de)傾向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。而裝有(you)AWD系(xi)統的(de)轎(jiao)(jiao)車(che)(che)可根據汽(qi)車(che)(che)行駛狀態分配前后(hou)輪(lun)驅動力。極大地(di)改善汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)轉向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)性能。

③轎車(che)(che)AWD系統和(he)全輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)專用的制動(dong)(dong)防抱死系統（ABS）可使(shi)轎車(che)(che)獲得制動(dong)(dong)力(li)，限度地利用路面和(he)輪(lun)胎之間的摩擦(ca)力(li)。提高(gao)汽車(che)(che)的制動(dong)(dong)性能。

④在越野和(he)泥(ni)濘路面及雨天和(he)雪天道(dao)路易(yi)滑的情況下，AWD系統可防(fang)止車輛打(da)滑，提(ti)高汽(qi)車的通過性。

全(quan)(quan)輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)也分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)兩種形式(shi)：一種是(shi)全(quan)(quan)時(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，即(ji)全(quan)(quan)部(bu)時(shi)(shi)間都是(shi)全(quan)(quan)輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)；另一種是(shi)短時(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，它可以切(qie)斷某個(ge)橋(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)，以減少燃料消(xiao)耗和磨(mo)損，只在(zai)需要(yao)時(shi)(shi)再(zai)使用(yong)全(quan)(quan)輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。過去只有(you)越(yue)野車(che)采用(yong)4輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)越(yue)野車(che)，變(bian)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)面裝有(you)手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離器(qi)(qi)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)車(che)軸(zhou)(zhou)各裝一個(ge)稱為(wei)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件。變(bian)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扭(niu)矩(ju)通過分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)力(li)器(qi)(qi)和傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)車(che)軸(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)，再(zai)通過驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)將(jiang)扭(niu)矩(ju)傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)輪(lun)子上(shang)(shang)。現在(zai)轎車(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)馬力(li)都比較大，加速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)重(zhong)心后(hou)(hou)(hou)移(yi)，全(quan)(quan)車(che)重(zhong)量就會向后(hou)(hou)(hou)軸(zhou)(zhou)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，造成前(qian)(qian)(qian)軸(zhou)(zhou)輕飄。前(qian)(qian)(qian)輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轎車(che)即(ji)使在(zai)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)面上(shang)(shang)也會打(da)滑，4輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)就可以防(fang)止這種現象發生。轎車(che)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置是(shi)常(chang)嚙合(he)式(shi)，增加了粘性耦合(he)器(qi)(qi)，省(sheng)去了手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)力(li)器(qi)(qi)，自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)將(jiang)扭(niu)矩(ju)按需分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)在(zai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)輪(lun)子上(shang)(shang)。在(zai)正(zheng)常(chang)路(lu)面上(shang)(shang)，4輪(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置將(jiang)引(yin)擎輸出(chu)(chu)扭(niu)矩(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)92%分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)到(dao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)輪(lun)，8%分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)到(dao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)輪(lun)；在(zai)滑溜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)面上(shang)(shang)，將(jiang)至(zhi)少40%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)擎機輸出(chu)(chu)扭(niu)矩(ju)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)給后(hou)(hou)(hou)輪(lun)；當前(qian)(qian)(qian)輪(lun)開始打(da)滑時(shi)(shi)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)、后(hou)(hou)(hou)輪(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)差異會使耦合(he)器(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘液(ye)立即(ji)變(bian)稠并(bing)鎖住耦合(he)器(qi)(qi)，從(cong)而(er)使傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)只將(jiang)扭(niu)矩(ju)傳(chuan)遞(di)至(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)輪(lun)，待前(qian)(qian)(qian)、后(hou)(hou)(hou)輪(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)差異消(xiao)失(shi)就自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復原有(you)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)形式(shi)。

分動(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)功能是執行(xing)前后輪扭(niu)矩分配功能，在分動(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中間布置一個(ge)濕式多片(pian)離(li)合器(qi)(qi)(qi)，該離(li)合器(qi)(qi)(qi)右端(duan)通過傳動(dong)(dong)軸驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)后輪，左端(duan)通過鏈傳動(dong)(dong)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)前輪。電控(kong)單元（ECU)ECU是AWD系(xi)(xi)統的(de)核心，其功用是根據制(zhi)定的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)方案，按照編制(zhi)的(de)程(cheng)序對各種傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸入信號(hao)(hao)進行(xing)分析、計算、處理，輸出(chu)一定的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)信號(hao)(hao)指令，驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)電磁(ci)閥(fa)動(dong)(dong)作。AWD系(xi)(xi)統ECU主要(yao)由輸入信號(hao)(hao)調理電路(lu)(lu)、微處理器(qi)(qi)(qi)、輸出(chu)信號(hao)(hao)處理電路(lu)(lu)、電源電路(lu)(lu)等硬件部分以及控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統和控(kong)制(zhi)程(cheng)序、軟件平臺等軟件部分組成(cheng)。為保(bao)證控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統可靠地工作，電控(kong)單元還(huan)必須采(cai)取有(you)效的(de)抗(kang)干擾措(cuo)施(shi)和故障自診斷處理措(cuo)施(shi)。