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支重輪的主要結構：

輪(lun)(lun)(lun)體、支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)軸、軸套(tao)、密封(feng)圈、端蓋等相關部件構成(cheng)。支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)可(ke)分為(wei)單邊支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)與雙邊支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)；挖掘機(ji)用(yong)支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)與推土(tu)機(ji)用(yong)支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)，挖掘機(ji)用(yong)支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)一般是(shi)黑色油(you)漆，推土(tu)機(ji)支(zhi)重輪(lun)(lun)(lun)一般是(shi)黃色油(you)漆。    

支重(zhong)輪(lun)容易出(chu)現在問題

A、輪體磨損(sun)。出現這種情況(kuang)的原因是(shi)采用的鋼材不(bu)合(he)格或(huo)者說材料(liao)熱處理(li)時的硬度(du)較(jiao)低(di)，耐磨性不(bu)足；

B、漏油(you)(you)。支重輪軸通(tong)過(guo)軸套一直在(zai)旋轉(zhuan)，輪體內(nei)要加油(you)(you)來潤滑(hua)，但如(ru)果說密封(feng)圈(quan)不好的(de)話，很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)產生漏油(you)(you)的(de)現象(xiang)，這樣軸與軸套在(zai)無(wu)潤滑(hua)的(de)情況下，很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)磨損，造成產品無(wu)法進(jin)行(xing)使用。因(yin)此，

支(zhi)重(zhong)輪密封的好壞是作為衡量生(sheng)產公司產品質量的一個(ge)很(hen)重(zhong)要的標準。

全(quan)(quan)(quan)輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)也分兩(liang)種形式：一(yi)種是全(quan)(quan)(quan)時(shi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)，即(ji)(ji)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部時(shi)間都是全(quan)(quan)(quan)輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)；另一(yi)種是短時(shi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)，它(ta)可以(yi)切斷某(mou)個(ge)橋(qiao)的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)，以(yi)減少(shao)燃(ran)料消耗和磨損，只(zhi)在(zai)需(xu)要時(shi)再使(shi)用全(quan)(quan)(quan)輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)。過(guo)去只(zhi)有(you)越(yue)野(ye)車采用4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)，一(yi)般的(de)(de)越(yue)野(ye)車，變(bian)速器(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)面裝有(you)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)分離器(qi)(qi)，前(qian)后(hou)(hou)車軸(zhou)各(ge)裝一(yi)個(ge)稱為驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)的(de)(de)部件。變(bian)速器(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)的(de)(de)扭矩(ju)通過(guo)分力(li)(li)器(qi)(qi)和傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)，分別傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)車軸(zhou)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)，再通過(guo)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)將扭矩(ju)傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)輪(lun)(lun)子上(shang)(shang)。現在(zai)轎車的(de)(de)馬力(li)(li)都比較(jiao)大(da)，加(jia)速時(shi)重(zhong)心后(hou)(hou)移(yi)(yi)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)車重(zhong)量就會(hui)向后(hou)(hou)軸(zhou)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)，造成前(qian)軸(zhou)輕飄(piao)。前(qian)輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)轎車即(ji)(ji)使(shi)在(zai)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)面上(shang)(shang)也會(hui)打滑(hua)，4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)就可以(yi)防止這種現象發生。轎車上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)裝置是常(chang)嚙合(he)(he)式，增加(jia)了(le)粘性耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)，省去了(le)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)分力(li)(li)器(qi)(qi)，自動(dong)(dong)將扭矩(ju)按需(xu)分配(pei)在(zai)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)(lun)子上(shang)(shang)。在(zai)正常(chang)路(lu)(lu)(lu)面上(shang)(shang)，4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)裝置將引擎輸出(chu)扭矩(ju)的(de)(de)92%分配(pei)到(dao)前(qian)輪(lun)(lun)，8%分配(pei)到(dao)后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)(lun)；在(zai)滑(hua)溜的(de)(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)面上(shang)(shang)，將至少(shao)40%的(de)(de)引擎機輸出(chu)扭矩(ju)分配(pei)給后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)(lun)；當(dang)前(qian)輪(lun)(lun)開始打滑(hua)時(shi)，前(qian)、后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)轉速差異會(hui)使(shi)耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)粘液(ye)立(li)即(ji)(ji)變(bian)稠并鎖住耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)，從而使(shi)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)只(zhi)將扭矩(ju)傳(chuan)遞(di)至后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)(lun)，待前(qian)、后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)轉速差異消失就自動(dong)(dong)回(hui)復(fu)原有(you)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)形式。

適(shi)時(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)適(shi)時(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)介乎全(quan)時(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)分時(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)之間，驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式(shi)由電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)安排，操(cao)縱非常簡單。采用(yong)(yong)這種(zhong)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統的(de)(de)車(che)(che)輛時(shi)(shi)根據電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)來(lai)控制并(bing)且(qie)選擇適(shi)合當下情況的(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式(shi)。在正常的(de)(de)路面上車(che)(che)輛一(yi)般會采用(yong)(yong)后輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，而(er)一(yi)旦(dan)遇(yu)到路面不良或驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)打滑的(de)(de)情況，電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)就會自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)檢(jian)測并(bing)立即將(jiang)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機輸出扭矩分配給前(qian)排的(de)(de)兩(liang)個車(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)，自然(ran)切(qie)換(huan)到四輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)狀態，從而(er)免除了駕駛人的(de)(de)判(pan)斷和(he)手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)操(cao)作，應用(yong)(yong)更加簡單。不過以目前(qian)的(de)(de)效果來(lai)看(kan)，電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)比起人腦(nao)速(su)度(du)還(huan)是(shi)慢了很(hen)多(duo)，也就是(shi)說住往不能及時(shi)(shi)進行驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式(shi)的(de)(de)切(qie)換(huan)，反應較慢。比如北(bei)京現代(dai)生產的(de)(de)途(tu)勝就是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)適(shi)時(shi)(shi)四驅(qu)(qu)(qu)設計。